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It is well established in developmental science that 14-month-old infants have significant difficulty associating pairs of objects with pairs of words that differ by a single phoneme (i.e., minimal pairs). This study used a traditional switch procedure in two experimental conditions (i.e., no face versus face with shifting gaze) to habituate infants with objects and minimal pair labels. Additionally, infantsâ participated in a joint attention task and parents completed questionnaires related to family demographics and infant health and development, to compare to switch task performance. It was expected that infantsâ difficulty with minimal pair associative learning would be replicated in the no face condition. It was also predicted that the addition of a female face and the cues it could provide would abate the challenge that this task...
In cellular and personal communications services (PCS) systems based on code division multiple access (CDMA), a pilot signal is used on the forward link for synchronization, coherent detection, soft handoff, maintaining orthogonality between base stations, and, in the future, position location. It is critical that the percentage of power allocated to the pilot signal transmitted by each base station be fixed properly to ensure the ability of the CDMA network to support subscriber demand.

This thesis reports on the design and implementation of a prototype receiver for measuring pilot signals in CDMA PCS systems. Since the pseudonoise (PN) signal of the pilot channel is a priori information, the receiver searches for pilot signals by digitally correlating the received signal with this known, locally generated pilot signal. By systema...

Multiple Community Services: One Family's Experience Paul E. Chapman ABSTRACT The family support movement in the United States has its roots in the early years of the 20th century when progressives like Jane Addams worked to improve the lives of disadvantaged children and their families. Family support today is provided by multiple public and private agencies. How families experience these services is not well known. Such information could help service providers give meaningful support to those in need. This is a case study of how one family experienced the receipt of multiple community services. The family lived in Virginia, and four family members participated in the study. The family consisted of Elizabeth, the matriarch, age 39; Allen, third husband of Elizabeth, age 30; Bradley, middle son of Elizabeth, age 16; and Benjamin, young...

Amino acids were determined in two types of chinchilla fur (chewed and normal), using three methods for analyses The methods included microbiological assays of Barton-Wright(5) and two column chromatography techniques of Moore and Stein (7, 8).

The data obtained from this investigation indicate that of the 16 amino acids analyzed, only one (lysine) was forum to be significantly lower in the chewed fur, as indicated by the "t" test. This difference between the normal and chewed fur was significant at the 2.5% 1evel. Also, arginine was lower and histidine was higher in the chewed fur than in the normal fur, but these difference: were not as conspicuous.

In general, the microbioligical analyses were more time consuming end less reproducible than the chromatographic analysis. With the exception of proline, glycine, and leuc...

This collection of papers originates from my interest in the reform efforts in transitional economies. Each of the chapters is self-contained. Chapter one presents a brief literature survey of those schools of thought that have contributed to our knowledge about privatization. In chapter two, a public firm model and a private firm model are compared based on agency approach, assuming that the owner of a firm has cost information but also bears the cost of production. I find that the question which type of ownership, private or public, is superior does not have a clear cut answer. Private ownership may induce higher work effort but suffers from a discrepancy of private and social goals. While production distortion is less serious, an obvious disincentive to work exists in the public firm. Chapter three examines how privatization can be ...
Accounting for the Gender Income Gap in Urban China

Zizhuo Sun

(ABSTRACT)

Using data from the China Housing Survey, that was conducted in 1993, the present study attempts to learn whether and how specific factors--human capital (including education and health), guanxi (social connections), housework, and employment in different sectors of the economy influence the income gap between men and women in urban China when traditional, socialist, and market mechanisms are all present.

The data were collected from two large Chinese cities, Tianjin and Shanghai. The results of regression show that 1) Differences in education account for much of the gender differences in income. With the same amount of education, women still earn somewhat less than men. Health reduces the gender income gap between men and women in urban Chi...

DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW CLASS OF VIRAL DISINFECTANTS: ENZYMATIC INACTIVATION OF SA-11 ROTAVIRUS. Shawn Walker, Thomas E. Toth. Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology. The non-enveloped, pH- and heat resistant rotavirus (RV), which is cross species-infective among cattle, swine and humans may cause dehydration and high mortality in the young. Rotaviruses are inactivated only by corrosive and toxic disinfectants. In this study, the effects of bacterial proteases as a new type of disinfectants on simian rotavirus (SA-11) were analyzed. SA-11 rotavirus replicates in cells causing cytopathic effect (CPE) and is similar in protein composition to cattle and swine RV. Preliminary experiments tested the temperature and pH sensitivity of SA-11 rotavirus. At pH 8.5, 45°C was th...
Using Monte Carlo simulations and analytic methods, we examine the dynamics of interspecies competition using the Penna bit-string model. We begin with a study of the steady state with a single species, then proceed to the dynamics of competition between two species. When the species are not evenly matched in fitness, a simple differential equation provides a satisfactory model of the behavior of the system. However, when the species are equally fit, we show that a model, originally proposed to describe population genetics [Fisher,Wright], is required. When mutations are allowed between the competing species, the dynamics becomes more interesting. The mutation rate becomes a parameter that dictates the steady state behavior. If the two species are not equally fit, the value of the mutation rate determines whether the longer-lived or fa...
Active Control of Automobile Cabin Noise with Conventional and Advanced Speakers by Jerome Couche Committee Chairman: Chris R. Fuller, Mechanical Engineering (ABSTRACT) Recently much research has focused on the control of enclosed sound fields, particularly in automobiles. Both Active Noise Control (ANC) and Active Structural Acoustic Control (ASAC) techniques are being applied to problems stemming from power train noise and road noise (noise due to the interaction of the tires with the surface of the road). Due to the low frequency characteristics of these noise problems, large acoustic sources are required to obtain efficient control of the sound field. This creates demand in the automobile industry for compact lightweight sources. This work is concerned with the application of active control to power train noise, as well as road noi...