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Esta tese estuda um processo de políticas públicas que levou à incorporação do marketing social, com o propósito de melhoria de comportamentos dos cidadãos, procurando demonstrar como uma abordagem cognitiva explica a sua génese, desenvolvimento e implementação. Partindo dos fundamentos teóricos do marketing social, na ciência e na teoria política, assim como no próprio pensamento e processamento do marketing, aquela abordagem cognitiva, com base no método dos referenciais em políticas públicas (référentiels; cf. Jobert & Muller, 1987), desenvolve-se através de uma pesquisa de estudo de um caso, considerado crucial, o das políticas inglesas para a saúde pública, traduzido numa estratégia nacional de marketing social, iniciada em 2004. Procura-se, assim, demonstrar que a abordagem cognitiva é coerente e válida, cientificamente, na compr...
This article has three different motivations. Firstly, we wish to contribute to the debate on whether French inflation has been persistent since the mid-eighties. Empirical evidence in this domain has been mixed. We use the standard method of testing for breaks in the mean of the inflation series to conclude whether possible unit root findings are the result of neglected breaks. Then, we build standard autoregressive representations of inflation, using an automatic general-to-specific approach. We conclude against inflation persistence in the sample period, and the point estimates of persistence we obtain are several percentage points below those achieved with other break tests and model selection methods. Moreover, our final model is congruent. Secondly, we provide the first empirical application of the new impulse saturati...
Many chronic diseases are associated to oxidative stress that can result from the unbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the action of antioxidant defense systems. Proteins are important targets as they are major components of cells. Modification of proteins structure, function and stability can result from the attack by different radicals, e.g. O2 - or HO. In order to characterize the damages caused by these radicals it is important to analyze the proteins oxidation products obtained from assays where radicals are generated by clean processes [1]. In this context the electrochemical generation of hydroxyl radicals can provide an alternative method, where these radicals are formed as intermediate in the oxidation of water to produce oxygen. Anodes of different materials, such as of boron doped diamo...